Aetiology
The many known causes of microcephaly include:
- familial trait
- primary or autosomal recessive
- congenital infection
- birth trauma; perinatal asphyxia
- foetal alcohol syndrome
- chromosomal imbalance
- maternal phenylketonuria
- syndromes, including:
- Cornelia de Lange
- Brachmann de Lange
- Smith-Lemli-Opitz
- Rubenstein-Taybi
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