Idiopathic infantile scoliosis

Infantile idiopathic scoliosis can be present at birth or at any time up to 3 years (1)

Infantile idiopathic scoliosis is more common in boys than in girls (60% to 40%).

It is generally left sided convex: this accounts for 90% of cases - curve is more frequently convex to the left and the deformity resolves spontaneously in most cases (1)

It may resolve spontaneously in some cases: positive signs that this will occur are left-sided curves occurring in the first year of life in males with a rib-vertebral angle of less than 20 degrees. Otherwise, it has an alarming progression which is treated with braces and surgery.

It is associated with ipsilateral plagiocephaly and radial dysplasia.

Reference:

1. Di Felice F, Zaina F, Donzelli S, Negrini S. The Natural History of Idiopathic Scoliosis During Growth: A Meta-Analysis. Am J Phys Med Rehabil. 2018 May;97(5):346-356.