Aetiology
This is unknown but:
- high titres of circulating speckled or nucleolar antinuclear antibody has been found in up to 60% of cases
- familial cases have been documented
- HLA-B8 and DR3 haplotypes occur frequently
- environmental factors may, in some cases, play an initiating role:
- agents inducing scleroderma include benzene, silica, epoxy resin, trichloroethylene, vinyl chloride, drugs (e.g. cocaine, carbidopa, bleomycin).
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