Inspection
After a general inspection, the following should be observed:
- respiratory rate and the movement of the diaphragm and chest wall, in normal breathing and with deeper breaths if appropriate.
- chest hyperinflation - specifically an increased anterior-posterior diameter may be noted
- there may be intercostal, subcostal or sternal recession. A long term sequal to this may be Harrison's sulcus.
- nasal flaring may be present
- a tracheal tug is a subtle sign
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