After passing beneath the inguinal ligament the femoral nerve breaks up into its terminal branches. The motor branches supply all the muscles of the anterior compartment of the thigh. The sensory branches supply the skin over the front and medial aspects of the thigh whilst a long sensory branch, the saphenous nerve, enters the adductor canal and then, accompanying the long saphenous vein, supplies a strip of skin which runs down the medial aspect of the lower limb to the first MTP joint.
Branches of the femoral nerve are also given off to the hip and knee joint.
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