Round Up Email September 2020

Question 1

SGLT2 inhibitors in heart failure – further evidence of benefit of SGLT2 inhibitors in reduced ejection fraction heart failure (in patients with and without Type 2 Diabetes).: EMPEROR - Reduced (empagliflozin in reduced ejection fraction heart failure)

1) Which of the following is true regarding the use of SGLT2 inhibitors in heart failure?

DAPA-HF and Emperor Reduced show evidence of benefit of in preserved ejection fraction heart failure
DAPA-HF show benefit of reduction of risk of admissions for heart failure in patients with and without diabetes
In both EMPEROR-Reduced and the DAPA-HF trial, the benefit of the SGLT2 inhibitor on the primary composite outcome was driven mainly by a reduction in cardiovascular death

Weight loss and cancer risk – what is the evidence?: Weight loss and cancer risk

2) Which statement regarding weight loss and cancer risk is true?

Weight loss is only present in advanced cancer
Positive predictive value for cancer in male and female patients with weight loss for all age groups >= 60 years exceeds 3%
Study evidence showed a positive relationship between weight loss and undiagnosed endometrial cancer

Low dose colchicine in coronary heart disease – encouraging evidence of benefit of reduction in cardiovascular risk with use of low dose colchicine in CHD.: COLchicine Cardiovascular Outcomes Trial (COLCOT) - Efficacy and Safety of low-dose colchicine after myocardial infarction

3) Which statement regarding trial evidence of colchicine in coronary heart disease is true?

low-dose colchicine (0.5 mg once daily) reduced the risk of the primary composite endpoint (CV death, MI, ischemic stroke, or ischaemia-driven coronary revascularization) in chronic heart disease
Low-dose colchicine reduced all-cause mortality and CV death in chronic heart disease
High-dose (>1g per day) was effective in reduction of all-cause mortality in acute coronary syndrome

Microcytosis (without anaemia) and cancer risk – what is the evidence?: Microcytosis without anaemia and cancer risk

4) Which statement regarding microcytosis and cancer risk is true?

Microcytosis has proven to be an early marker of lymphoma
Microcytosis has proven to be an early marker of prostate cancer
Study evidence suggests only microcytosis with anaemia is suggestive of possible underlying malignancy

Diabetes in Remission – a summary of the evidence for "putting Type 2 Diabetes into remission" on GPnotebook.: Diabetes in remission

5) Which statement regarding diabetes in remission is true?

There is evidence of putting diabetes into remission based on studies of intermittent fasting
The likelihood of low-calorie diet (800 calories per day) achieving diabetes remission relates to change in visceral fat measurement
with or without diabetes relapse, the large majority of diabetic patients who undergo bariatric surgery maintain substantial improvement of glycemic control from baseline for at least 5 to 15 years

HPV on a cervical smear – is this evidence of new infection or HPV reactivation?: HPV - new infection or reactivation?

6) Which statement regarding HPV on a cervical smear is true

the minority (approximately 40%) of newly acquired HPV infections become undetectable with 1 year
HPV detection represents a newly acquired HPV infection
HPV detection may represent auto-inoculation from other epithelial sites