this is present in all neonates and is a potential atrial communication in about 20% of adults
usually inconsequential since blood is unable to flow from left to right
secundum atrial septal defect:
this is the most common form
it is situated in the middle of the atrial septum
sinus venosus defect:
this condition is often associated with anomalous drainage of the right upper and middle lobe pulmonary veins into the superior vena cava or high right atrium
primum atrial septal defect:
in this condition the inferior margin of the atrial septum is missing
this part of the atrial septum anchors the atrioventricular valves
the mitral valve abnormality may give rise to mitral incompetence
partial anomalous pulmonary venous drainage:
in this condition right or left pulmonary veins can drain to the right atrium
this may occur with or without an associated atrial septal defect
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