Aetiology
Important causes of hyperthyroidism include: (1)
- Graves’ disease (2)
- most common cause, accounting for about 75% of cases
- typical seen in women aged 30-50 years but can occur at any age in both sexes
- toxic multinodular goitre and toxic adenoma
- thyroiditis
- subacute thyroiditis
- silent thyroiditis
- postpartum thyroiditis
- drugs e.g. - levothyroxine/triiodothyronine, amiodarone, lithium,
- β human chorionic gonadotrophin mediated hyperthyroidism:
- Gestational hyperthyroidism
- Choriocarcinoma
- Hydatidiform mole
- Struma ovarii
- TSH secreting pituitary adenoma
Aetiology can be divided into:
- primary:
- due to pathology within the thyroid gland
- most common
- secondary:
- a pathological process causes excessive stimulation of a normal thyroid gland
References:
- Thyroid disease: assessment and management. NICE guideline NG145. Published: 20 November 2019 Last updated: 12 October 2023
- Davies TF, Andersen S, Latif R, et al. Graves' disease. Nat Rev Dis Primers. 2020 Jul 2;6(1):52
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