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Aetiology

Authoring team

The exact aetiology is uncertain. However, certain associations have been noted:

  • hardwood dust in the development of adenocarcinoma
  • nickel dust in the development of squamous cell carcinoma
  • radiation exposure
  • in about 10% of cases, transitional cell papilloma is a precursor of transitional cell carcinoma

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The content herein is provided for informational purposes and does not replace the need to apply professional clinical judgement when diagnosing or treating any medical condition. A licensed medical practitioner should be consulted for diagnosis and treatment of any and all medical conditions.

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