Pulmonary oedema may result from an excessive rate of infusion, especially in the elderly. In such instances, the rate of transfusion should be slowed or stopped, and the patient given diuretics.
Pulmonary oedema may also be non-cardiac in origin. In this case, it is associated with either:
The pulmonary oedema can be life threatening. Treatment includes respiratory support, diuretics and high dose steroids.
Prevention is by using blood from which leucocytes have been filtered.
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