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One clinical episode

Authoring team

One clinical episode (Clinically Isolated Syndrome - CIS)

  • 2017 criteria:
    • required proving that the disease was active across both space (DIS) and time (DIT) using follow-up MRIs or cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) oligoclonal bands.
  • revised 2024 criteria:
    • if a patient presents with their very first clinical episode, but their baseline MRI shows typical MS lesions across 4 or 5 of the recognized anatomical zones, the requirement to prove Dissemination in Time (DIT) is completely bypassed and the patient can be be diagnosed immediately

Reference:

  1. Montalban X et al. Diagnosis of multiple sclerosis: 2024 revisions of the McDonald criteria. Lancet Neurol. 2025 Oct;24(10):850-865. doi: 10.1016/S1474-4422(25)00270-4. Erratum in: Lancet Neurol. 2025 Nov;24(11):e13.

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