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Peak bone mass

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Bone mass increases rapidly during childhood and adolescence to 90% of adult levels. It reaches a peak in the third decade (the peak bone mass or peak bone density), then plateaus and finally starts to decrease (1).

  • in women, bone density remains stable for the next 10-15 years after the peak bone mass
  • bone loss in the hip usually starts premenopausally, usually in the fourth or fifth decade
  • spinal bone loss before the menopause is less well established.
  • in men, bone loss probably starts in the fifth decade.

Genetic factors account for 80% of the peak bone mass.

Environmental factors include:

  • smoking - reduces peak bone mass
  • weight-bearing exercise - increases peak bone mass
  • high calcium intake - may increase peak bone mass

Reference:


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The content herein is provided for informational purposes and does not replace the need to apply professional clinical judgement when diagnosing or treating any medical condition. A licensed medical practitioner should be consulted for diagnosis and treatment of any and all medical conditions.

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