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Hangman's fracture

Last reviewed dd mmm yyyy. Last edited dd mmm yyyy

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This fracture may be produced in two ways;

  • Simultaneous extension and distraction of the neck as occurs in hanging and in motorcyclists caught under the neck by a tree branch. Treatment involves skull traction for 4 to 6 weeks to maintain position with the possibility of local fusion (posterior or anterior).
  • Extension of the neck with compression. This pattern of injury occurs in road traffic accidents where the head hits the roof of the car (compression) and is then thrown into extension. Treatment depends on the stability of the injury. Stable injuries can be treated with a well-fitting collar for 6 weeks. If there is neurological injury or instability skull traction and or local fusion are indicated.

Neurological damage is common in the first case but rare in the second.


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The content herein is provided for informational purposes and does not replace the need to apply professional clinical judgement when diagnosing or treating any medical condition. A licensed medical practitioner should be consulted for diagnosis and treatment of any and all medical conditions.

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