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Poisoning (non-therapeutic agents)

Last reviewed dd mmm yyyy. Last edited dd mmm yyyy

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Carbon monoxide: causes:

  • acute hypoxic injury to brain, - fuel fumes, exhausts liver and renal tubules cherry red skin and mucosae
  • chronic diffuse neuronal loss especially basal ganglia. Rarely, causes focal cerebral demyelination. Cyanide - industrial or hypoxic injury to brain, liver, from burning plastics, kidneys etc wool or silk Lead - industrial or brain, kidney and marrow damage from flakes of old paint Hydrocarbons
  • chlorinated hyperexcitability, delirium, - insecticides convulsions and coma
  • alcohols - methanol, inebriation (methanol) solvents, antifreeze blindness from retinal gangion cell necrosis
  • volatile - petrol, pneumonitis if inhaled, thinners, venticular fibrillation carbon tetrachloride etc Mercury
  • organic - eating fish Minamata disease: brain damage, from polluted water deafness,blindness, spasticity and paralysis
  • inorganic - industrial, glomerular necrosis, emotional ingested batteries lability, tremor (mad hatter, hatters' shakes) Toadstool toxins vomiting, abdominal cramps,
  • Amanita phalloides lethal CNS damage, liver and renal
  • A.muscaria rarely fatal tubule necrosis Organophosphates paralysis, muscle twitching
  • insecticides cardiac arrhythmias

ref: Robbins Pathologic Basis of Disease 5e 1994

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