Results
Cardiac catheterisation in valve disease allows the investigator to see the jet, with reflux. Pressure gradients across the valve can be measured, and the coronary anatomy can be defined - in fact this is the only way of doing this.
In aortic and mitral regurgitation the severity is deduced from reflux of dye injected upstream; in aortic and mitral stenosis - severity from pressure gradient across valve.
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