Aetiology
The majority of cases are idiopathic. However, there are a number of important associations including:
- trisomies 13 and 18
- Kallman's syndrome
- holoprosencephaly
- maternal drugs in pregnancy - in particular phenytoin
- Pierre-Robin sequence
- Goldenhar syndrome
- EEC syndrome
- there is an inherited element which is polygenic
Isolated cleft palate is commoner in females. However cleft palate associated with cleft lip is commoner in males.
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