Radial dysplasia or radial club hand has an incidence of around 1 in 55,000 live births. Approximately 80% of cases are sporadic and 20% are hereditary. Most of the latter group are associated with syndromes, most frequently:
Just over half of all cases show bilateral features, but these may differ in severity between the two sides. Males are more often affected than females and there is a tendency for the right side to be affected more frequently.
If there is a radial anomaly, there is always a thumb anomaly except in the case of TAR Syndrome, but only half of all cases of thumb hypoplasia are associated with a dysplastic radius. When present, a complete absence of the radius is the most frequent finding.
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