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Aetiology

Authoring team

Causes of trigeminal nerve palsy include:

  • central causes due to a lesion in the pons, medulla and upper cervical cord:
    • tumour
    • syringobulbia
    • vascular

  • peripheral causes include:
    • tumour
    • aneurysm
    • chronic meningitis

  • a lesion of the trigeminal ganglion:
    • acoustic neuroma
    • meningioma
    • fracture of the middle fossa

  • a lesion in the cavernous sinus:
    • tumour
    • aneurysm
    • thrombosis

The latter is associated with III, IV and VI palsies.

Reference

  1. Gunes A, Bulut E, Akgoz A, Mocan B, Gocmen R, Oguz KK. Trigeminal nerve and pathologies in magnetic resonance imaging - a pictorial review. Pol J Radiol. 2018;83:e289-e296

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