Duane's retraction syndrome (DRS) (also known as Stilling-Turk-Duane syndrome)
prevalence of about 0.1% of the general population
accounts for 1% to 5% of all strabismus cases
DRS is a congenital oculomotor anomaly
characterized by the pathognomonic ocular motility pattern of globe retraction with simultaneous narrowing of the palpebral fissure on attempted adduction
most cases of DRS occur sporadically
incidence of genetic inheritance has been approximated to fall within a range between 5% and 23 %
syndrome includes variants permitting an abduction deficiency, adduction deficiency, or a combination of the two
often there is an associated 'tether' phenomenon consisting of over elevation, over depression, or both during adduction
globe retraction on adduction occurs secondary to aberrant innervation
results in cocontraction of the medial and lateral recti in the affected eye
Reference:
(1) DeRespinis PA et al. Duane's retraction syndrome. Surv Ophthalmol 1993;38 (3):257-28.
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