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Neuroleptic-induced movement disorders

Authoring team

Neuroleptic drugs have "extra-pyramidal side-effects", that is, they induce movement disorders, including:

  • akathisia:
    • onset in 24-48 hr
    • restless legs
    • dysphoria

  • dystonia:
    • acute reactions occur within 24 hr
    • chronic reactions occur over months or years
    • characterised by unilateral increase in muscle tone with rotatory posturing

  • ophisthotonus

  • Parkinsonism:
    • onset over weeks
    • rigidity and akinesia

  • tardive dyskinesia:
    • onset over months or years
    • choreo-athetoid mouth movements
    • dyskinesia of head, trunk and limbs

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