There are two main types of pulmonary oedema (1)
1. Cardiogenic (hydrostatic) pulmonary oedema
This is due to elevated pulmonary capillary pressure from left-sided heart failure
2. Non-cardiogenic pulmonary oedema
In these cases there is typically minimal elevation of pulmonary capillary pressure (except in cases of volume overload because of renal failure).
In some conditions - such as high-altitude oedema - the mechanism for non-cardiogenic oedema is unclear.
Reference
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