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Mendelson's syndrome

Last reviewed dd mmm yyyy. Last edited dd mmm yyyy

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Mendelson's syndrome is an acute pneumonia caused by regurgitation of stomach contents and aspiration of chemical material, usually gastric juices. The pneumonia develops rapidly, and within hours the patient may become tachypnoeic, hypoxic and febrile. There is minimal sputum. The condition often follows anaesthesia when the gag reflex is depressed, particularly during pregnancy.

A secondary bacterial infection may develop - indicated by sputum, persistent fever, leukocytosis, and sepsis.

The differential of this condition includes cardiac failure and amniotic fluid embolism.


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The content herein is provided for informational purposes and does not replace the need to apply professional clinical judgement when diagnosing or treating any medical condition. A licensed medical practitioner should be consulted for diagnosis and treatment of any and all medical conditions.

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