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Metabolism

Last reviewed dd mmm yyyy. Last edited dd mmm yyyy

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Dietary vitamin B12 reaches the stomach where it combines with intrinsic factor. The complex is essential for the absorption of the vitamin in the terminal ileum: it is otherwise too massive and fat-insoluble for absorption.

After absorption, it is transported by transcobalmin within plasma. It is stored within the liver; the half-life of this store is several years and minimizes the risk of deficiency states developing.

Vitamin B12 is required as a coenzyme in the synthesis of:

  • methionine from homocysteine; vital to DNA, purine and folate production
  • succinic acid from methylmalonic acid; involved in fatty acid and amino acid metabolism

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