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Aetiology: chronic or acute

Last reviewed dd mmm yyyy. Last edited dd mmm yyyy

Authoring team

Chronic causes include:

  • left ventricle dilation - causing ring distortion or papillary muscle problem - functional
  • mitral vale prolapse
  • calcification of the ring - rare cause of severe failure
  • rupture of chordae
  • infarction of papillary muscles
  • cardiomyopathy of any sort

Acute causes include:

  • infective endocarditis
  • chordal rupture
  • papillary muscle rupture

Acute mitral regurgitation may result in oedema with heart unable to cope with the volume load.

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