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Clinical features

Last reviewed dd mmm yyyy. Last edited dd mmm yyyy

Authoring team

This condition is often asymptomatic.

Clinical features include:

  • malaise
  • headache
  • vague loin discomfort
  • abdominal pain
  • dyspnoea
  • convulsions
  • smoky urine, sometimes described as pepsi-coloured by parents
  • oedema on the face around the orbits and on the backs of the hands and feet
  • majority of cases oliguria is only mild but severe fluid retention can sometimes produce acute hypertension, with encephalopathy and seizures, or heart failure
  • the patient may present with vomiting

On examination there may be evidence of:

  • sore throat or skin sepsis
  • anaemia as a result of haemolysis
  • raised blood pressure

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