Chloramphenicol

Chloramphenicol is an antibacterial and antirickettsial which should be reserved for the treatment of severe life-threatening infections due to H. influenzae and typhoid fever since when given parenterally it may be toxic .

Chloramphenicol acts to inhibit peptidyl transferase on 70S ribosomes such that it prevents peptide bond formation.

Cautions:

• FBC needed before and during treatment on a regular basis
• neonates - grey baby syndrome
• beware interactions - see current issue BNF
• avoid repeated course and prolonged treatment
• reduce doses in hepatic or renal failure

Contra-indications include:

• pregnancy and breast feeding
• porphyria

Routes of administration:

• oral:
  • capsules
  • suspension
• i.v. injection
• i.v. infusion

Check the Summary of Product Characteristics before prescribing