The chest expansion of a child can be observed in the same way as in an adult. However, note that in children the actual expansion of the chest is less during inspiration; the younger the child the more diaphragmatic the breathing. This is a consequence of the angle of the ribs to the spine; in young children the ribs are nearly horizontal, and the bucket handle effect of expansion in inspiration cannot occur.
The two important things to do on palpation are:
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