This site is intended for healthcare professionals

Go to /sign-in page

You can view 5 more pages before signing in

Go to /pro/cpd-dashboard page

This page is worth 0.05 CPD credits. CPD dashboard

Go to /account/subscription-details page

This page is worth 0.05 CPD credits. Upgrade to Pro

Theories on the spread of breast cancer

Last reviewed dd mmm yyyy. Last edited dd mmm yyyy

Authoring team

The first key theory on the spread of breast cancer was proposed by Halsted. He suggested that breast cancer cells spread from the primary tumour in a sequential manner to regional nodes. His theory - see submenu - was the reason for undertaking radical resections of the regional lymphatic field.

However, an alternative 'embolization' theory is now favoured. This proposes that the primary tumour cells embolize both regionally and systemically at the same time. This would explain, for example, why radical operations have no influence on survival. This theory has been one of the driving influences to more conservative surgical treatments.


Related pages

Create an account to add page annotations

Annotations allow you to add information to this page that would be handy to have on hand during a consultation. E.g. a website or number. This information will always show when you visit this page.