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Pathophysiology

Last reviewed dd mmm yyyy. Last edited dd mmm yyyy

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Carotid artery atherosclerosis often causes carotid artery stenosis.

  • atherosclerotic plaques tend to occur at arterial bifurcations
  • with the development of the plaque, the lumen of the artery may occlude completely or may result in rupture and local thrombus formation with subsequent embolisation to the ipsilateral ophthalmic, middle cerebral, or anterior cerebral artery territories (1).
    • large emboli may result in strokes. Small emboli may result in transient ischaemic attacks and/or amaurosis fugax.

However, there is only critical impairment of cerebral blood flow if the luminal narrowing exceeds 75%.

Reference:

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The content herein is provided for informational purposes and does not replace the need to apply professional clinical judgement when diagnosing or treating any medical condition. A licensed medical practitioner should be consulted for diagnosis and treatment of any and all medical conditions.

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