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Complications associated with Klinefelter's syndrome

Last reviewed dd mmm yyyy. Last edited dd mmm yyyy

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  • there is an increased risk of acquiring breast cancer in Klinefelter subjects, with relative risk exceeding 200 times more than in a normal individual. This may be due to high estradiol to testosterone ratio levels when compared to karyotypically normal men or due to an increased peripheral conversion of testosterone to estradiol

  • endocrine complications includes:
    • diabetes mellitus
    • hypothyroidism
    • hypoparathyrodism

  • autoimmune disease conditions are more commoner, such as :
    • SLE
    • sjogren syndrome.
    • rheumatoid arthritis

  • venous stasis leading to varicose veins and leg ulcers

  • decreased bone density - in almost 25% of patients with KS

Reference:

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