position of the arm, ie held internally rotated as in posterior shoulder dislocation
Feel:
tenderness, crepitus
bony tenderness
Move - compare both sides:
active and full abduction: initiation, range, rhythm - note the arc of painful movement
active adduction, flexion, extension, internal and external rotation.
Test glenohumeral abduction passively, by pressing down and fixing the scapula with one hand and moving the arm with the other.
test complex movements by asking the patient to touch the back of their opposite shoulder with their arm in front, then behind them, then ask them to place their hands on the back of their neck.
test deltoid and pectoralis major power and also for winging of the scapula.
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