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Terminology

Last reviewed dd mmm yyyy. Last edited dd mmm yyyy

Authoring team

The terms used for description in the realm of squints include:

  • binocular single vision - the ability to use both eyes to create a common perception
  • orthophoria - perfect ocular balance in the binocular state
  • porphoria - the eyes move out of the aligned state when they are dissociated - latent squint
  • exophoria - the eyes diverge
  • esophoria - the eyes converge
  • hyperphoria - the visual axis of one eye moves vertically with respect to the other one
  • manifest squint - if, in the binocular state, the eyes have different visual directions
  • non-paralytic squint - the angle of the squint remains unaltered regardless of the direction of gaze
  • paralytic squint - if the angle of non-alignment varies with a change in direction of gaze, the squint is incompetent and the causes is usually an infranuclear muscle palsy. This situation can also occur in a mechanical restriction of eye movement

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