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Von Hippel-Lindau syndrome

Last reviewed dd mmm yyyy. Last edited dd mmm yyyy

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Von Hippel-Lindau (VHL) disease is a heritable multisystem cancer syndrome that is associated with a germline mutation of the VHL tumour suppressor gene on the short arm of chromosome 3.

  • the von Hippel-Lindau tumor suppressor gene (VHL) is located on the short arm of chromosome 3 (3p25-26) (1)

Von Hippel-Lindau disease is a hereditary cancer syndrome predisposing carriers to the development of a panel of highly vascularized tumours such as central nervous system and retinal hemangioblastomas, endolymphatic sac tumors, clear-cell renal cell carcinomas, pheochromocytomas and pancreatic neuroendocrine tumors. The disease is the foremost cause of inherited renal cell carcinomas, which is induced by germline mutations of the VHL tumor-suppressor gene also inactivated in most sporadic renal cell carcinomas.

This disorder is not rare (2):

  • about one in 36000 livebirths
  • inherited as a highly penetrant autosomal dominant trait (ie, with a high individual risk of disease) with a high carriage rate of the causative gene in close relatives

Mean age at diagnosis is the mid-20s, often with retinal angioma as the first manifestation (3)

Reference:


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