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Clinical features

Last reviewed dd mmm yyyy. Last edited dd mmm yyyy

Authoring team

The disease onset is usually insidious over a few weeks. The disease can present with (1):

  • nonspecific systemic symptoms
    • when the disease is due to miliary TB
  • focal neurological signs
    • when the disease is limited to the brain

Early symptoms include (2) :

  • malaise
  • headache
  • fever
  • personality change

Late symptoms ( in two to three weeks) include (2):

  • protracted headache
  • meningismus
  • vomiting
  • confusion
  • focal neurologic findings

If untreated, mental status may deteriorate into stupor or coma.

Atypical presentations of tuberculous meningitis include:

  • a rapid progression simillar to pyogenic meningitis
  • subtle reduction in cognitive functions
  • a predominant syndrome of encephalitis.

Seizures can occur at any stage of the disease.

Infants may present as (1) :

  • poor feeding
  • failure to thrive

Reference:


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