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Anatomy (spine)

Last reviewed dd mmm yyyy. Last edited dd mmm yyyy

Authoring team

The spine is a complex feat of engineering comprising the following elements:

  • spinal bones:
    • vertebrae
    • sacrum
    • coccyx
  • intervertebral discs
  • spinal joints
  • spinal ligaments
  • intrinsic spinal muscles
  • spinal canal

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