Aetiology: chronic or acute
Chronic causes include:
- left ventricle dilation - causing ring distortion or papillary muscle problem - functional
- mitral vale prolapse
- calcification of the ring - rare cause of severe failure
- rupture of chordae
- infarction of papillary muscles
- cardiomyopathy of any sort
Acute causes include:
- infective endocarditis
- chordal rupture
- papillary muscle rupture
Acute mitral regurgitation may result in oedema with heart unable to cope with the volume load.
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