Clinical features
These include:
- pulsatile swelling - especially in superficial lesions
- dilated tortuous and thick walled (arterialised) veins
- thrill
- continuous bruit (‘machinery murmur’) on auscultation
- increased pulse rate
Pressure on artery proximal to fistula causes swelling to diminish, thrill and bruit to cease, and pulse to fall.
Reference:
- (1) Bailey & Love's Short Practice of Surgery, 25the edition
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