Cause | Age at presentation | Diagnostic features |
omphalitis | Neonatal | Purulent discharge Periumbilical skin inflammation |
Umbilical granuloma | Neonatal | Homogenous granuloma with discharge |
Umbilical hernia ulceration | Neonatal | Skin breakdown and purulent discharge (with or without faeculent material) |
Patent urachus, urachal cyst | Any age | Urine in discharge (in patent urachus), presence of second lumen in umbilical cord, purulent discharge, and mass |
Patent omphalomesenteric duct remnants | Neonatal to early childhood | Serosanguinous, feculent, or bilous discharge, presence of second lumen in umbilical cord |
Reference:
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