Early management
- the child is anaesthetised without using paralysing agent which may abolish the remaining airway. An inhalational anaesthetic is used
- the child is then examined by direct laryngoscopy and intubated if necessary
- if the airway cannot be secured then an ENT surgeon may have to perform an emergency tracheostomy
- blood samples and swabs are taken at this stage
- intravenous access should be left until the airway is secured, unless there is collapse
- treatment for confirmed diagnosis is chloramphenicol, or cefotaxime, dependent upon sensitivities of local Haemophilus influenzae B strain. Empirical treatment of choice is often chloramphenicol.
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