Aetiology
Factors that combine to produce calculi in the duct of the submandibular gland include:
- the long, upward course of the submandibular duct
- the narrow duct orifice
- mucus acting as a matrix, possibly due to:
- stagnation
- retrograde infection from the mouth
- a high concentration relative to parotid saliva of:
- calcium hydroxy apatite
- phosphate hydroxy apatite
- phosphatases
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