Features

Gastritis is difficult to diagnose based on clinical symptoms and a histologic or endoscopic examination is necessary, which may not correlate with symptom severity.

Patients may be asymptomatic or present with generalised dyspepsia or epigastric discomfort. Other symptoms may include nausea, vomiting, and loss of appetite. However, these are often non-specific. (1)

Endoscopic examination reveals a widespread reddening of the mucosa. The inflamed mucosa may be awash with bile.

Note - NICE recommends same day referral to a specialist for any patient presenting with dyspepsia and significant gastrointestinal bleeding. (2)

Reference

1. Moayyedi PM, Lacy BE, Andrews CN, et al. ACG and CAG clinical guideline: management of dyspepsia. Am J Gastroenterol. 2017;112(7):988-1013.
2. National Institute for Health and Care Excellence. Gastro-oesophageal reflux disease and dyspepsia in adults: investigation and management. Oct 2019 [internet publication].