Aetiology of intrahepatic cholestasis
The most common causes of intrahepatic cholestasis are:
- cirrhosis
- drug reactions e.g. phenothiazines
Other causes include:
- viral hepatitis
- alcoholic hepatitis
- sclerosing cholangitis
- primary biliary cirrhosis
- septicaemia
- liver tumours: secondaries more common than primary
- benign intrahepatic cholestasis of pregnancy
Rare causes include:
- Dubin-Johnson syndrome
- benign recurrent intrahepatic cholestasis
- intrahepatic biliary atresia / infantile cholangiopathy
- Hodgkin's disease: mechanism unknown
- inspissated bile in cystic fibrosis
- erythropoietic protoporphyria may cause precipitation of protoporphyrins in canalicular ducts
- Caroli's disease
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