Enteric fevers are endemic in the Indian subcontinent, South East Asia, Far East Asia, the middle east, Africa, Central America and South America. S. paratyphoid type B infections also occur commonly in south and eastern parts of Europe.
In the remainder of Europe however, and in other westernised countries sporadic cases or small outbreaks occur almost exclusively as imported infections.
Estimates of the global annual incidence of typhoid fever range between 11 and 21 million cases with approximately 128,000 to 161,000 deaths per year
Typhoid is rare in resource-rich countries where standards of sanitation are high
In most affected countries
Also patients with HIV (and other immunocompromised patients) are particularly vulnerable to Enteric fever.
Summary:
Risk of contracting typhoid fever is highest for travellers to areas of high endemicity. In the Indian subcontinent, a region of high incidence of typhoid fever (more than 100 cases per 100,000 people per year, the attack rate for travellers has been estimated at 1 to 10 per 100,000 journeys.
Reference:
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