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Clinical effects of opiate use

Authoring team

  • physical dependence and tolerance
  • euphoria
  • analgesia
  • drowsiness
  • respiratory depression
  • gastrointestinal spasm, constipation
  • nausea and vomiting
  • fits
  • pupillary constriction
  • effects on skin, such as flushing, warmth, itching

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