Adaptation to drugs
Adaptation to drugs may be seen in the following ways:
- therapeutic effects through adaptation:
- immunization, tricyclics
- tolerance increasing ineffectiveness of therapy:
- target cell tolerance - e.g. depletion of NA by ephidrine nosedrops - allergic rhinitis
- physiological homeostatic mechanisms, e.g. hydralazine
- reflex tachycardia
- adaptation to drugs:
- metabolic autoinduction - e.g. barbiturates, carbamazepine
- withdrawal symptoms can be caused by:
- opiates, alcohol, benzodiazepines, clonidine, corticosteroids, organic nitrates, beta blockers, enzyme inducers, etc.
- adverse effects directly due to adaptation:
- tardive dyskinesia due to dopamine antagonists
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