Risk factors for falls

The majority of osteoporosis-related fractures result from falls. Hence, it is important to identify any risk factors for falling (1).

• environmental risk factors
  • lack of assistive devices in the bathroom
  • loose throw rugs
  • low level lighting
  • obstacles on the walking path
  • slippery outdoor conditions
• medical risk factors
  • anxiety and agitation
  • arrrythmias
  • dehydration
  • depression
  • malnutrition
  • medications causing over-sedation
  • orthostatic hypotension
  • poor vision and use of bifocals
  • previous falls
  • urgent urinary incontinence
• neuro and muculoskeletal risk factors
  • kyphosis
  • poor balance
  • weak muscles
  • reduced proprioception
• other risk factors
  • fear of falling

Reference:

1. National Osteoporosis Foundation 2010. Clinician's guide to prevention and treatment of osteoporosis.