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Aetiology

Authoring team

The causes of menorrhagia may be classified into:

  • pelvic pathology:
    • pelvic endometriosis
    • pelvic inflammatory disease
    • endometrial hyperplasia
    • uterine fibroids
  • systemic disorders:
    • hypothyroidism - but usually presents with amenorrhoea in advanced cases
    • blood clotting disorders - very rare; examples include von Willebrand's disease, thrombocytopenia
  • iatrogenic factors:
    • intra-uterine contraceptive device
    • misoprostol
    • poorly-controlled anticoagulant therapy
  • psychosomatic disturbance - usually subsides when precipitating factors subside
  • dysfunctional uterine bleeding - if all other local and systemic causes have been excluded

Reference

  1. Munro MG, Critchley HOD, Broder MS, et al. FIGO classification system (PALM-COEIN) for causes of abnormal uterine bleeding in nongravid women of reproductive age. Int J Gynaecol Obstet. 2011 Apr;113(1):3-13.

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