Radiology

For hallux valgus, a radiograph is taken with the patient standing. This is in order to show the degree of metatarsal and hallux angulation. Hallux angulation is measured relative to a reference line through the second metatarsal.

The x-ray may reveal subluxation or osteoarthritis of the first metatarsophalangeal joint.

Hallux valgus classification is mild, moderate, and severe based on the weight-bearing anteroposterior, lateral oblique, lateral, and sesamoid axial X-ray views;

Degree: Hallux valgus angle (HVA) / Intermetatarsal angle (IMA)

• Normal: less than15 degrees / 9 degrees
• Mild: 15 to 30 degrees / 9 to 13 degrees
• Moderate: 30 to 40 degrees / 13 to 20degrees
• Severe: over 40 degrees / over 20 degrees

Reference

1. Kuhn J. Hallux Valgus. Treasure Island (FL): StatPearls Publishing. 2025 Jan