Aetiology
Causes of magnesium deficiency include:
- low uptake:
- rare because magnesium is ubiquitous
- Kwashiorkor
- severe alcholism
- malabsorption
- parenteral nutrition without adequate Mg++
- increased loss:
- diabetic ketoacidosis
- steatorrhea
- inflammatory bowel disease: Crohn's > ulcerative colitis
- prolonged vomiting
- hyperaldosteronism
- mannitol-induced diuresis
- miscellaneous:
- excess vitamin D therapy
- hyperparathyroidism
- postparathyroidectomy
- drugs e.g. cisplatin, gentamicin
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