Visual assessment (of children)

At birth:

• family history
• congenital malformation
• does baby look at mother's face when feeding
• test - red reflex, pupil reactions, look for corneal clouding

At 6 weeks:

• is there parental concern?
• fixation on face
• does baby follow face/red ball towards midline
• test red reflex, corneal clouding

At 8 months:

• parental concern?
• does infant follow moving objects across room?
• does infant fixate on small objects and reaches out to pick them up
• family history of visual problems
• assess for squint

At 3 years:

• visual acuity at 6 metres (acuity can be assessed at 3 - 3 1/2 years of age)
• letter watching e.g. Sheridan-Gardiner
• each eye seaparately
• assess for squint

At school:

• Snellen chart at 6 metres
• test near vision
• assess for squint
• colour vision testing e.g. Ishihara
• regular tests for myopia